Saturday, October 8, 2011
ဓမၼစၾကာသုတ္
ဓမၼစကၠပၸဝတၱန (ေခၚ) ဓမၼစၾကာသုတ္ပါဠိေတာ္+ျမန္မာျပန္
ဓမၼစကၠပၸဝတၱန (ေခၚ) ဓမၼစၾကာသုတ္ပါဠိေတာ္ ( ဆ႒သံဂါယနာမူ )
နေမာ တႆ ဘဂဝေတာ အရဟေတာ သမၼာသမၺဳဒၶႆ။၏
( ဓမၼစၾကာအမႊန္း )
(က) ဘိကၡဴနံ ပဥၥဝဂၢီနံ၊ ဣသိပတန နာမေက။
မိဂဒါေယ ဓမၼဝရံ၊ ယံ တံ နိဗၺာနပါပကံ။
(ခ) သဟမၸတိ နာမေကန၊ မဟာျဗေဟၼန ယာစိေတာ။
စတုသစၥံ ပကာေသေႏၲာ၊ ေလာကနာေထာ အေဒသယိ။
(ဂ) နႏၵိတံ သဗၺေဒေဝဟိ၊ သဗၺသမၸတၱိသာဓကံ။
သဗၺေလာကဟိတတၴာယ၊ ဓမၼစကၠံ ဘဏာမ ေဟ။
( နိဒါန္း )
ဧဝံ ေမ သုတံ- ဧကံ သမယံ ဘဂဝါ ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဝိဟရတိ ဣသိပတေန မိဂဒါေယ။ တၾတ ေခါ ဘဂဝါ ပဥၥဝဂၢိေယ ဘိကၡဴ အာမေႏၲသိ။
( မမွီဝဲသင့္ေသာ အဖို႔အစြန္း ၂-ပါး )
ေဒြ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ အႏၲာ ပဗၺဇိေတန န ေသဝိတဗၺာ။ ကတေမ ေဒြ၊ ေယာ စာယံ ကာေမသု ကာမသုခလႅိကာႏုေယာေဂါ ဟီေနာ ဂေမၼာ ေပါထုဇၨနိေကာ အနရိေယာ အနတၴသံဟိေတာ။ ေယာ စာယံ အတၱကိလမထာႏုေယာေဂါ ဒုေကၡာ အနရိေယာ အနတၴသံဟိေတာ။
( မဇၩိမ ပဋိပဒါႏွင့္ ယင္း၏အက်ဳိး )
ဧေတ ေခါ ဘိကၡေဝ ဥေဘာ အေႏၲ အႏုပဂမၼ မဇၩိမာ ပဋိပဒါ တထာဂေတန အဘိသမၺဳဒၶါ စကၡဳကရဏီ ဉာဏကရဏီ ဥပသမာယ အဘိညာယ သေမၺာဓာယ နိဗၺာနာယ သံဝတၱတိ။
ကတမာ စ သာ ဘိကၡေဝ မဇၩိမာ ပဋိပဒါ တထာဂေတန အဘိသမၺဳဒၶါ စကၡဳကရဏီ ဉာဏကရဏီ ဥပသမာယ အဘိညာယ သေမၺာဓာယ နိဗၺာနာယ သံဝတၱတိ၊
အယေမဝ အရိေယာ အ႒ဂႋေကာ မေဂၢါ။
ေသယ်ထိဒံ-
သမၼာဒိ႒ိ သမၼာသကၤေပၸါ သမၼာဝါစာ သမၼာကမၼေႏၲာ သမၼာအာဇီေဝါ သမၼာဝါယာေမာ သမၼာသတိ သမၼာသမာဓိ။ အယံ ေခါ သာ ဘိကၡေဝ မဇၩိမာ ပဋိပဒါ တထာဂေတန အဘိသမၺဳဒၶါ စကၡဳကရဏီ ဉာဏကရဏီ ဥပသမာယ အဘိညာယ သေမၺာဓာယ နိဗၺာနာယ သံဝတၱတိ။
( ဒုကၡသစၥာ )
ဣဒံ ေခါ ပန ဘိကၡေဝ ဒုကၡံ အရိယသစၥံ၊ ဇာတိပိ ဒုကၡာ၊ ဇရာပိ ဒုကၡာ၊ ဗ်ာဓိပိ ဒုေကၡာ၊ မရဏမၸိ ဒုကၡံ၊ အပၸိေယဟိ သမၸေယာေဂါ ဒုေကၡာ၊ ပိေယဟိ ဝိပၸေယာေဂါ ဒုေကၡာ၊ ယမၸိစၧံ န လဘတိ၊ တမၸိ ဒုကၡံ၊ သံခိေတၱန ပဥၥဳပါဒါနကၡႏၶာ ဒုကၡာ။
( သမုဒယသစၥာ )
ဣဒံ ေခါ ပန ဘိကၡေဝ ဒုကၡသမုဒယံ အရိယသစၥံ၊ ယာယံ တဏွာ ေပါေနာဗၻဝိကာ နႏၵီရာဂသဟဂတာ တၾတတၾတာဘိနႏၵိနီ။ ေသယ်ထိဒံ- ကာမတဏွာ ဘဝတဏွာ ဝိဘဝတဏွာ။
( နိေရာဓသစၥာ )
ဣဒံ ေခါ ပန ဘိကၡေဝ ဒုကၡနိေရာဓံ အရိယသစၥံ၊ ေယာ တႆာေယဝ တဏွာယ အေသသဝိရာဂနိေရာေဓာ စာေဂါ ပဋိနိႆေဂၢါ မုတၱိ အနာလေယာ။
( မဂၢသစၥာ )
ဣဒံ ေခါ ပန ဘိကၡေဝ ဒုကၡနိေရာဓဂါမိနီ ပဋိပဒါ အရိယသစၥံ၊ အယေမဝ အရိေယာ အ႒ဂႋေကာ မေဂၢါ။ ေသယ်ထိဒံ- သမၼာဒိ႒ိ သမၼာသကၤေပၸါ သမၼာဝါစာ သမၼာကမၼေႏၲာ သမၼာအာဇီေဝါ သမၼာဝါယာေမာ သမၼာသတိ သမၼာသမာဓိ။
( ဒုကၡသစၥာ၌ သစၥဉာဏ္ )
''ဣဒံ ဒုကၡံ အရိယသစၥ'' ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( ဒုကၡသစၥာ၌ ကိစၥဉာဏ္ )
''တံ ေခါ ပနိဒံ ဒုကၡံ အရိယသစၥံ ပရိေညယ်''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( ဒုကၡသစၥာ၌ ကတဉာဏ္ )
''တံ ေခါ ပနိဒံ ဒုကၡံ အရိယသစၥံ ပရိညာတ''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( သမုဒယသစၥာ၌ သစၥဉာဏ္ )
''ဣဒံ ဒုကၡသမုဒယံ အရိယသစၥ''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( သမုဒယသစၥာ၌ ကိစၥဉာဏ္ )
''တံ ေခါ ပနိဒံ ဒုကၡသမုဒယံ အရိယသစၥံ ပဟာတဗၺ''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( သမုဒယသစၥာ၌ ကတဉာဏ္ )
''တံ ေခါ ပနိဒံ ဒုကၡသမုဒယံ အရိယသစၥံ ပဟီန''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( နိေရာဓသစၥာ၌ သစၥဉာဏ္ )
''ဣဒံ ဒုကၡနိေရာဓံ အရိယသစၥ''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( နိေရာဓသစၥာ၌ ကိစၥဉာဏ္ )
''တံ ေခါ ပနိဒံ ဒုကၡနိေရာဓံ အရိယသစၥံ သစၧိကာတဗၺ''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( နိေရာဓသစၥာ၌ ကတဉာဏ္ )
''တံ ေခါ ပနိဒံ ဒုကၡနိေရာဓံ အရိယသစၥံ သစၧိကတ''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( မဂၢသစၥာ၌ သစၥဉာဏ္ )
''ဣဒံ ဒုကၡနိေရာဓဂါမိနီ ပဋိပဒါ အရိယသစၥ''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( မဂၢသစၥာ၌ ကိစၥဉာဏ္ )
''တံ ေခါ ပနိဒံ ဒုကၡနိေရာဓဂါမိနီ ပဋိပဒါ အရိယသစၥံ ဘာေဝတဗၺ''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( မဂၢသစၥာ၌ ကတဉာဏ္ )
''တံ ေခါ ပနိဒံ ဒုကၡနိေရာဓဂါမိနီ ပဋိပဒါ အရိယသစၥံ ဘာဝိတ''ႏၲိ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ပုေဗၺ အနႏုႆုေတသု ဓေမၼသု စကၡံဳ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဉာဏံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ပညာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ ဝိဇၨာ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အာေလာေကာ ဥဒပါဒိ။
( ဘုရားအျဖစ္ ဝန္မခံေတာ္မူခဲ့ေသးပံု )
ယာဝကီဝဥၥ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ဣေမသု စတူသု အရိယသေစၥသု ဧဝံ တိပရိဝ႗ံ ဒြါဒသာကာရံ ယထာဘူတံ ဉာဏဒႆနံ န သုဝိသုဒၶံ အေဟာသိ။
ေနဝ တာဝါဟံ ဘိကၡေဝ သေဒဝေက ေလာေက သမာရေက သျဗဟၼေက သႆမဏျဗာဟၼဏိယာ ပဇာယ သေဒဝမႏုႆာယ ''အႏုတၱရံ သမၼာသေမၺာဓႎ အဘိသမၺဳေဒၶါ'' တိ ပစၥညာသႎ။
( ဘုရားအျဖစ္ ဝန္ခံေတာ္မူပံု )
ယေတာ စ ေခါ ေမ ဘိကၡေဝ ဣေမသု စတူသု အရိယသေစၥသု ဧဝံ တိပရိဝ႗ံ ဒြါဒသာကာရံ ယထာဘူတံ ဉာဏဒႆနံ သုဝိသုဒၶံ အေဟာသိ။
အထာဟံ ဘိကၡေဝ သေဒဝေက ေလာေက သမာရေက သျဗဟၼေက သႆမဏျဗာဟၼဏိယာ ပဇာယ သေဒဝမႏုႆာယ ''အႏုတၱရံ သမၼာသေမၺာဓႎ အဘိသမၺဳေဒၶါ'' တိ ပစၥညာသႎ။
( ပစၥေဝကၡဏာဉာဏ္ျဖင့္ သိျမင္ပံု )
ဉာဏဥၥ ပန ေမ ဒႆနံ ဥဒပါဒိ၊ အကုပၸါ ေမ ဝိမုတၱိ၊ အယမႏၲိမာ ဇာတိ၊ နတၴိ ဒါနိ ပုနဗၻေဝါတိ။
( ပဥၥဝဂၢီတို႔ႏွစ္သက္ၾကပံု )
ဣဒမေဝါစ ဘဂဝါ၊ အတၱမနာ ပဥၥဝဂၢိယာ ဘိကၡဴ ဘဂဝေတာ ဘာသိတံ အဘိနႏၵဳႏၲိ။
( အရွင္ေကာ႑ည တရားထူးရပံု )
ဣမသၼႎ စ ပန ေဝယ်ာကရဏသၼႎ ဘညမာေန အာယသၼေတာ ေကာ႑ညႆ ဝိရဇံ ဝီတမလံ ဓမၼစကၡဳံ ဥဒပါဒိ ''ယံကိဥၥိ သမုဒယဓမၼံ၊ သဗၺံ တံ နိေရာဓဓမၼ''ႏၲိ။
( နတ္ျဗဟၼာတို႔ ေကာင္းခ်ီးေပးပံု )
ပဝတၱိေတ စ ပန ဘဂဝတာ ဓမၼစေကၠ ဘုမၼာ ေဒဝါ သဒၵ မႏုႆာေဝသံု ''ဧတံ ဘဂဝတာ ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဣသိပတေန မိဂဒါေယ အႏုတၱရံ ဓမၼစကၠံ ပဝတၱိတံ အပၸဋိဝတၱိယံ သမေဏန ဝါ ျဗာဟၼေဏန ဝါ ေဒေဝန ဝါ မာေရန ဝါ ျဗဟၼဳနာ ဝါ ေကနစိ ဝါ ေလာကသၼိ''ႏၲိ။
ဘုမၼာနံ ေဒဝါနံ သဒၵံ သုတြာ စာတုမဟာရာဇိကာ ေဒဝါ သဒၵမႏုႆာေဝသံု ''ဧတံ ဘဂဝတာ ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဣသိပတေန မိဂဒါေယ အႏုတၱရံ ဓမၼစကၠံ ပဝတၱိတံ အပၸဋိဝတၱိယံ သမေဏန ဝါ ျဗာဟၼေဏန ဝါ ေဒေဝန ဝါ မာေရန ဝါ ျဗဟၼဳနာ ဝါ ေကနစိ ဝါ ေလာကသၼိ''ႏၲိ။
စာတုမဟာရာဇိကာနံ ေဒဝါနံ သဒၵံ သုတြာ တာဝတႎသာ ေဒဝါ သဒၵမႏုႆာေဝသံု ''ဧတံ ဘဂဝတာ ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဣသိပတေန မိဂဒါေယ အႏုတၱရံ ဓမၼစကၠံ ပဝတၱိတံ အပၸဋိဝတၱိယံ သမေဏန ဝါ ျဗာဟၼေဏန ဝါ ေဒေဝန ဝါ မာေရန ဝါ ျဗဟၼဳနာ ဝါ ေကနစိ ဝါ ေလာကသၼိ''ႏၲိ။
တာဝတႎသာနံ ေဒဝါနံ သဒၵံ သုတြာ ယာမာ ေဒဝါ သဒၵမႏုႆာေဝသံု ''ဧတံ ဘဂဝတာ ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဣသိပတေန မိဂဒါေယ အႏုတၱရံ ဓမၼစကၠံ ပဝတၱိတံ အပၸဋိဝတၱိယံ သမေဏန ဝါ ျဗာဟၼေဏန ဝါ ေဒေဝန ဝါ မာေရန ဝါ ျဗဟၼဳနာ ဝါ ေကနစိ ဝါ ေလာကသၼိ''ႏၲိ။
ယာမာနံ ေဒဝါနံ သဒၵံ သုတြာ တုသိတာ ေဒဝါ သဒၵမႏုႆာေဝသံု ''ဧတံ ဘဂဝတာ ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဣသိပတေန မိဂဒါေယ အႏုတၱရံ ဓမၼစကၠံ ပဝတၱိတံ အပၸဋိဝတၱိယံ သမေဏန ဝါ ျဗာဟၼေဏန ဝါ ေဒေဝန ဝါ မာေရန ဝါ ျဗဟၼဳနာ ဝါ ေကနစိ ဝါ ေလာကသၼိ''ႏၲိ။
တုသိတာနံ ေဒဝါနံ သဒၵံ သုတြာ နိမၼာနရတီ ေဒဝါ သဒၵမႏုႆာေဝသံု ''ဧတံ ဘဂဝတာ ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဣသိပတေန မိဂဒါေယ အႏုတၱရံ ဓမၼစကၠံ ပဝတၱိတံ အပၸဋိဝတၱိယံ သမေဏန ဝါ ျဗာဟၼေဏန ဝါ ေဒေဝန ဝါ မာေရန ဝါ ျဗဟၼဳနာ ဝါ ေကနစိ ဝါ ေလာကသၼိ''ႏၲိ။
နိမၼာနရတီနံ ေဒဝါနံ သဒၵံ သုတြာ ပရနိမၼိတဝသဝတၱီ ေဒဝါ သဒၵမႏုႆာေဝသံု ''ဧတံ ဘဂဝတာ ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဣသိပတေန မိဂဒါေယ အႏုတၱရံ ဓမၼစကၠံ ပဝတၱိတံ အပၸဋိဝတၱိယံ သမေဏန ဝါ ျဗာဟၼေဏန ဝါ ေဒေဝန ဝါ မာေရန ဝါ ျဗဟၼဳနာ ဝါ ေကနစိ ဝါ ေလာကသၼိ''ႏၲိ။
ပရနိမၼိတဝသဝတၱီနံ ေဒဝါနံ သဒၵံ သုတြာ ျဗဟၼကာယိကာ ေဒဝါ သဒၵမႏုႆာေဝသံု ''ဧတံ ဘဂဝတာ ဗာရာဏသိယံ ဣသိပတေန မိဂဒါေယ အႏုတၱရံ ဓမၼစကၠံ ပဝတၱိတံ အပၸဋိဝတၱိယံ သမေဏန ဝါ ျဗာဟၼေဏန ဝါ ေဒေဝန ဝါ မာေရန ဝါ ျဗဟၼဳနာ ဝါ ေကနစိ ဝါ ေလာကသၼိ''ႏၲိ။
ဣတိဟ ေတန ခေဏန ေတန လေယန ေတန မုဟုေတၱန ယာဝ ျဗဟၼေလာကာ သေဒၵါ အဗၻဳဂၢစၧိ။
( ေျမငလ်င္လႈပ္ျခင္း၊ အေရာင္အလင္းျဖစ္ေပၚျခင္း )
အယဥၥ ဒသသဟႆိေလာကဓာတု သံကမၸိ သမၸကမၸိ သမၸေဝဓိ။
အပၸမာေဏာ စ ဥဠာေရာ ၾသဘာေသာ ေလာေက ပါတုရေဟာသိ အတိကၠမၼ ေဒဝါနံ ေဒဝါႏုဘာဝႏၲိ။
( ျမတ္စြာဘုရား ဥဒါန္းက်ဴးေတာ္မူပံု )
အထ ေခါ ဘဂဝါ ဣမံ ဥဒါနံ ဥဒါေနသိ ''အညာသိ ဝတ ေဘာ ေကာ႑ေညာ၊ အညာသိ ဝတ ေဘာ ေကာ႑ေညာ'' တိ။ ဣတိ ဟိဒံ အာယသၼေတာ ေကာ႑ညႆ ''အညာသိ ေကာ႑ေညာ'' ေတြဝ နာမံ အေဟာသီတိ။
( အရွင္ေကာ႑ည ရဟန္းအျဖစ္ ေလွ်ာက္ေတာင္းပံု )
အထ ေခါ အာယသၼာ အညာသိေကာ႑ေညာ ဒိ႒ဓေမၼာ ပတၱဓေမၼာ ဝိဒိတဓေမၼာ ပရိေယာဂါဠွဓေမၼာ တိဏၰဝိစိကိေစၧာ ဝိဂတကထံကေထာ ေဝသာရဇၨပၸေတၱာ အပရပၸစၥေယာ သတၴဳသာသေန ဘဂဝႏၲံ ဧတဒေဝါစ ''လေဘယ်ာဟံ ဘေႏၲ ဘဂဝေတာ သႏၲိေက ပဗၺဇၨံ၊ လေဘယ်ံ ဥပသမၸဒ''ႏၲိ။
( ဧဟိဘိကၡဳ ရဟန္းျဖစ္ပံု )
''ဧဟိ ဘိကၡဴ'' တိ ဘဂဝါ အေဝါစ ''သြာကၡာေတာ ဓေမၼာ၊ စရ ျဗဟၼစရိယံ သမၼာ ဒုကၡႆ အႏၲကိရိယာယာ'' တိ။ သာဝ တႆ အာယသၼေတာ ဥပသမၸဒါ အေဟာသီတိ။
ဓမၼစကၠပၸဝတၱနသုတၱံ နိ႒ိတံ
ဓမၼစကၠပၸဝတၱနသုတ္ ျမန္မာျပန္
အခါတစ္ပါး၌ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ ဗာရာဏသီျပည္ ဣသိပတန မိဂဒါဝုန္ေတာ၌ သီတင္းသံုး ေနေတာ္မူ၏၊ ထုိအခါ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ ပၪၥဝဂၢီရဟန္းတို႔ကုိ မိန္႔ေတာ္မူ၏- ရဟန္းတို႔ ရဟန္းျဖစ္သူသည္ အစြန္းႏွစ္ပါးတို႔ကုိ မမွီဝဲအပ္ကုန္၊ အဘယ္ႏွစ္ပါးတို႔နည္း -
ယုတ္ညံ့၍ ရြာသူတို႔၏ အက်င့္ျဖစ္ေသာ ပုထုဇဥ္တို႔၏ အေလ့အက်င့္သာ ျဖစ္၍ အရိယာတို႔၏အေလ့အက်င့္ မဟုတ္ေသာ အက်ဳိးစီးပြားႏွင့္ မစပ္ယွဥ္ေသာ ကာမဂုဏ္တို႔၌ ကာမဂုဏ္ခ်မ္းသာကုိ ကပ္ၿငိေသာအားျဖင့္ အဖန္တလဲလဲ လုိက္စား အားထုတ္ျခင္း လည္းေကာင္း၊ ကုိယ္စိတ္၏ ဆင္းရဲျခင္းကုိ ျဖစ္ေစတတ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အက်င့္ မဟုတ္ေသာ အက်ဳိးစီးပြားႏွင့္ မစပ္ယွဥ္ေသာ ကုိယ္ပင္ပန္းမႈကုိ အားထုတ္ျခင္း လည္းေကာင္း ဤႏွစ္ပါးတို႔တည္း။
ရဟန္းတို႔ ဤအစြန္းႏွစ္ပါးတို႔သို႔ မကပ္ေရာက္မူ၍ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ အထူးသျဖင့္ သိေတာ္မူအပ္ေသာ ပညာမ်က္စိကုိ ျပဳတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္အျမင္ကုိ ျပဳတတ္ေသာ အလယ္အလတ္ျဖစ္ေသာ အက်င့္သည္ ကိေလသာ ၿငိမ္းရန္ အလို႔ငွါ ျဖစ္၏၊ ထူးေသာ ဉာဏ္ျဖင့္ သိရန္ အလို႔ငွါ ျဖစ္၏၊ သစၥာေလးပါးကုိသိရန္ အလို႔ငွါ ျဖစ္၏၊ နိဗၺာန္ကုိ မ်က္ေမွာက္ျပဳရန္ အလို႔ငွါ ျဖစ္၏။
ရဟန္းတို႔ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ အထူးသျဖင့္ သိေတာ္မူအပ္ေသာ ပညာမ်က္စိကုိ ျပဳတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္ အျမင္ကုိ ျပဳတတ္ေသာ ကိေလသာ ၿငိမ္းျခင္းငွါ ထူးေသာ ဉာဏ္ျဖင့္ သိျခင္းငွါ သစၥာေလးပါးကုိ သိျခင္းငွါ နိဗၺာန္ကုိ မ်က္ေမွာက္ျပဳျခင္းငွါ ျဖစ္ေသာ ထုိအလယ္အလတ္ ျဖစ္ေသာ ျမတ္ေသာ အက်င့္ကား အဘယ္နည္း၊ အဂၤါရွစ္ပါးရွိေသာ ဤအရိယမဂ္ပင္တည္း။ ဤသည္ကား အဘယ္နည္း -
မွန္ကန္ေသာအျမင္ 'သမၼာဒိ႒ိ'၊ မွန္ကန္ေသာ ၾကံစည္မႈ 'သမၼာသကၤပၸ'၊ မွန္ကန္ေသာ စကား'သမၼာဝါစာ'၊ မွန္ကန္ေသာအလုပ္ 'သမၼာကမၼႏၲ'၊ မွန္ကန္ေသာ အသက္ေမြးမႈ 'သမၼာအာဇီဝ'၊ မွန္ကန္ေသာ အားထုတ္မႈ 'သမၼာဝါယာမ'၊ မွန္ကန္ေသာ ေအာက္ေမ့မႈ 'သမၼာသတိ'၊ မွန္ကန္ေသာ တည္ၾကည္မႈ 'သမၼာသမာဓိ' တို႔တည္း။
ရဟန္းတို႔ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ အထူးသျဖင့္ သိေတာ္မူအပ္ေသာ ပညာမ်က္စိကုိ ျပဳတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္အျမင္ကုိ ျပဳတတ္ေသာ အလယ္အလတ္ျဖစ္ေသာ ဤျမတ္ေသာ အက်င့္သည္ ကိေလသာ ၿငိမ္းရန္ အလို႔ငွါ ျဖစ္၏၊ ထူးေသာ ဉာဏ္ျဖင့္ သိရန္ အလို႔ငွါ ျဖစ္၏၊ (သစၥာေလးပါးကုိ) သိရန္ အလို႔ငွါ ျဖစ္၏၊ နိဗၺာန္ကုိ မ်က္ေမွာက္ျပဳရန္ အလို႔ငွါ ျဖစ္၏။
ရဟန္းတို႔ ဤသည္ကား ဆင္းရဲျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားတည္း။ ပဋိသေႏၶ တည္ေနရျခင္းသည္လည္း ဆင္းရဲ၏၊ အုိရျခင္းသည္လည္း ဆင္းရဲ၏၊ နာရျခင္းသည္ လည္း ဆင္းရဲ၏၊ ေသရျခင္းသည္လည္း ဆင္းရဲ၏၊ မခ်စ္ေသာ သူတို႔ႏွင့္ အတူေနရျခင္းသည္လည္း ဆင္းရဲ၏၊ ခ်စ္ေသာ သူတို႔ႏွင့္ ေကြကြင္းရျခင္းသည္လည္း ဆင္းရဲ၏၊ လုိခ်င္ရာကုိ မရျခင္းသည္လည္း ဆင္းရဲ၏၊ အက်ဥ္းအားျဖင့္ စြဲလမ္းရာ အာ႐ံုျဖစ္ေသာ ခႏၶာငါးပါးတို႔သည္လည္း ဆင္းရဲကုန္၏။ (၁)
ရဟန္းတို႔ ဤသည္ကား ဆင္းရဲၿခင္း၏ အေၾကာင္းျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားတည္း။ အၾကင္ တဏွာသည္ ဘဝသစ္၌ ျဖစ္ေစတတ္၏၊ ႏွစ္သက္ျခင္း တပ္မက္ျခင္းႏွင့္တကြ ျဖစ္၏၊ ထုိထုိ အာ႐ံု၌ လြန္စြာ ႏွစ္သက္တတ္၏။ ထုိတပ္မက္မႈ 'တဏွာ' ဟူသည္ အဘယ္နည္း၊ ကာမ၌ တပ္မက္မႈ 'ကာမတဏွာ'၊ သႆတဒိ႒ိႏွင့္တကြ ျဖစ္ေသာ တပ္မက္မႈ 'ဘဝတဏွာ'၊ ဥေစၧဒဒိ႒ိႏွင့္တကြ ျဖစ္ေသာ တပ္မက္မႈ 'ဝိဘဝတဏွာ' တို႔တည္း။ (၂)
ရဟန္းတို႔ ဤသည္ကား ဆင္းရဲ၏ ခ်ဳပ္ရာျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားတည္း။ ယင္းဆင္းရဲ၏ ခ်ဳပ္ၿငိမ္းရာဟူသည္ ထုိတပ္မက္မႈ 'တဏွာ' ၏သာလွ်င္ အၾကြင္းမဲ့ စြဲမက္မႈ ကင္းေပ်ာက္ ခ်ဳပ္ၿငိမ္းရာ စြန္႔လႊတ္ရာ တစ္ဖန္ စြန္႔ပယ္ရာ လြတ္ေျမာက္ရာ မကပ္ၿငိရာပင္ ျဖစ္၏။ (၃)
ရဟန္းတို႔ ဤသည္ကား ဆင္းရဲ၏ ခ်ဳပ္ရာ (နိဗၺာန္) သို႔ ေရာက္ေၾကာင္း အက်င့္ျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားတည္း။ ဤအရိယမဂ္သည္ အဂၤါရွစ္ပါးရွိ၏၊ အဂၤါရွစ္ပါးဟူေသာ္ကား မွန္ကန္ေသာ အျမင္ 'သမၼာဒိ႒ိ' ။ပ။ မွန္ကန္ေသာ တည္ၾကည္မႈ 'သမၼာသမာဓိ' တို႔တည္း။ (၄)
ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ဤတရားသည္ ဆင္းရဲျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားမည္၏'' ဟု (ဘုရား မျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ (ဒုကၡသစၥာ) တရားတို႔၌ ငါဘုရားအား ပညာမ်က္စိသည္ ထင္ရွား ျဖစ္၏၊ အသိဉာဏ္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အျပားအားျဖင့္ သိတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ပညာ' သည္ ထင္ရွား ျဖစ္၏၊ ထုိးထြင္း၍ သိေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ဝိဇၨာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အလင္းေရာင္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏။ ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ထုိဆင္းရဲျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားကုိ ပုိင္းျခား၍ သိထုိက္၏'' ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက (မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ ဒုကၡသစၥာတရားတို႔၌) ငါဘုရားအား။ပ။ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏။ ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ထုိဆင္းရဲ ျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားကုိ ပုိင္းျခား၍ သိခဲ့ၿပီ'' ဟု (ဘုရား မျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက မၾကားဖူး ကုန္ေသာ (ဒုကၡသစၥာ) တရားတို႔၌ ငါဘုရားအား ပညာမ်က္စိသည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အသိဉာဏ္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အျပားအားျဖင့္ သိတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ပညာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ ထုိးထြင္း၍ သိေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ဝိဇၨာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အလင္းေရာင္သည္ ထင္ရွား ျဖစ္၏။ (၁)
ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ဤတရားသည္ ဆင္းရဲျခင္း၏ အေၾကာင္းျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရား မည္၏''ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ (သမုဒယသစၥာ) တရားတို႔၌ ငါဘုရားအား ပညာမ်က္စိသည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အသိဉာဏ္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အျပားအားျဖင့္ သိတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ပညာ'သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ ထုိးထြင္း၍ သိေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ဝိဇၨာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အလင္းေရာင္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏။ ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ထုိဆင္းရဲျခင္း၏ အေၾကာင္းျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားကုိ ပယ္အပ္၏'' ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက (မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ သမုဒယသစၥာတရားတို႔၌) ငါဘုရားအား။ပ။ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏။ ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ထုိဆင္းရဲျခင္း၏ အေၾကာင္းျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားကုိ ပယ္ၿပီးၿပီ'' ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ (သမုဒယသစၥာ) တရားတို႔၌ ငါဘုရားအား ပညာမ်က္စိသည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အသိဉာဏ္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အျပားအားျဖင့္ သိတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္'ပညာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ ထုိးထြင္း၍ သိေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ဝိဇၨာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အလင္းေရာင္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏။ (၂)
ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ဤတရားသည္ ဆင္းရဲ၏ ခ်ဳပ္ရာျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားမည္၏'' ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ (နိေရာဓသစၥာ) တရားတို႔၌ ငါဘုရားအား ပညာမ်က္စိသည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အသိဉာဏ္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အျပားအားျဖင့္ သိတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ပညာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ ထုိးထြင္း၍ သိေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ဝိဇၨာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အလင္းေရာင္သည္ ထင္ရွား ျဖစ္၏။ ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ထုိဆင္းရဲ၏ ခ်ဳပ္ရာျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားကုိ မ်က္ေမွာက္ ျပဳအပ္၏''ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက (မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ နိေရာဓသစၥာတရားတို႔၌) ငါဘုရားအား။ပ။ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏။ ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ထုိဆင္းရဲ၏ ခ်ဳပ္ရာျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားကုိ မ်က္ေမွာက္ျပဳၿပီးၿပီ'' ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ (နိေရာဓသစၥာ) တရားတို႔၌ ငါဘုရားအား ပညာမ်က္စိသည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အသိဉာဏ္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အျပားအားျဖင့္ သိတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ပညာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ ထုိးထြင္း၍ သိေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ဝိဇၨာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အလင္းေရာင္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏။ (၃)
ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ဤတရားသည္ ဆင္းရဲခ်ဳပ္ရာ (နိဗၺာန္) သို႔ ေရာက္ေၾကာင္း အက်င့္ျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားမည္၏'' ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ (မဂၢသစၥာ) တရားတို႔၌ ငါဘုရားအား ပညာမ်က္စိသည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အသိဉာဏ္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အျပားအားျဖင့္ သိတတ္ေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ပညာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ ထုိးထြင္း၍ သိေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ဝိဇၨာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အလင္းေရာင္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏။ ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ထုိဆင္းရဲခ်ဳပ္ရာ (နိဗၺာန္) သို႔ေရာက္ေၾကာင္း အက်င့္ျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားကုိ ပြားမ်ားအပ္၏'' ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက (မၾကားဖူး ကုန္ေသာ မဂၢသစၥာ တရားတို႔၌) ငါဘုရားအား။ပ။ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ထုိဆင္းရဲခ်ဳပ္ရာ (နိဗၺာန္)သို႔ ေရာက္ေၾကာင္း အက်င့္ျဖစ္ေသာ အရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားကုိ ပြားမ်ားၿပီးၿပီ'' ဟု (ဘုရားမျဖစ္မီ) ေရွးက မၾကားဖူးကုန္ေသာ (မဂၢသစၥာ) တရားတို႔၌ ငါဘုရားအား ပညာမ်က္စိသည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အသိဉာဏ္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အျပားအားျဖင့္ သိတတ္ေသာဉာဏ္ 'ပညာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ ထုိးထြင္း၍ သိေသာ ဉာဏ္ 'ဝိဇၨာ' သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏၊ အလင္းေရာင္သည္ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္၏။ (၄)
ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ဤအရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားေလးပါးတို႔၌ ဤသို႔ သံုးပါးေသာ အျပန္ တစ္ဆယ့္ႏွစ္ပါးေသာ အျခင္းအရာရွိေသာ မွန္ကန္ေသာ ဉာဏ္အျမင္ မစင္ၾကယ္ ေသးသမွ် ကာလပတ္လံုး ငါသည္ နတ္ မာရ္နတ္ ျဗဟၼာႏွင့္တကြေသာ နတ္ေလာကႏွင့္ သမဏျဗာဟၼဏမင္းမ်ား လူမ်ားႏွင့္တကြေသာ လူ႕ေလာက၌ အတုမရွိေသာ အလံုးစံုေသာ တရားတို႔ကုိ ကုိယ္တုိင္မွန္စြာ သိေသာ (အရဟတၱမဂ္) ဉာဏ္ကုိ သိၿပီဟု ဝန္မခံခဲ့ေခ်။
ရဟန္းတို႔ ''ဤအရိယာတို႔၏ အမွန္တရားေလးပါးတို႔၌ ဤသို႔ သံုးပါးေသာ အျပန္ တစ္ဆယ့္ႏွစ္ပါးေသာ အျခင္းအရာရွိေသာ မွန္ကန္ေသာ ဉာဏ္အျမင္သည္ စင္ၾကယ္လာေသာ အခါ၌သာလွ်င္ ငါသည္ နတ္ မာရ္နတ္ ျဗဟၼာႏွင့္တကြေသာ နတ္ေလာကႏွင့္ သမဏျဗာဟၼဏ မင္းမ်ား လူမ်ားႏွင့္တကြေသာ လူ႕ေလာက၌ အတုမရွိေသာ အလံုးစံုေသာ တရားတို႔ကုိ ကုိယ္တုိင္မွန္စြာ သိေသာ (အရဟတၱမဂ္) ဉာဏ္ကုိ သိၿပီဟု ဝန္ခံခဲ့၏၊ ငါ၏ (ကိေလသာတို႔မွ) လြတ္ေျမာက္မႈသည္ မပ်က္စီးႏုိင္ၿပီ၊ ဤကား အဆံုးစြန္ေသာ ဘဝတည္း၊ ယခုအခါ ဘဝသစ္၌ ျဖစ္ျခင္း မရွိေတာ့ၿပီဟု ငါ့အား ပစၥေဝကၡဏာ ဉာဏ္အျမင္သည္ ျဖစ္ေပၚလာ၏။ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ ဤစကားကုိ မိန္႔ေတာ္မူ၏၊ ပၪၥဝဂၢီငါးပါး ရဟန္းတို႔သည္ ႏွစ္လုိကုန္သည္ ျဖစ္၍ ျမတ္စြာဘုရား၏ တရားေတာ္ကုိ ဝမ္းေျမာက္စြာ ခံယူၾကေလကုန္၏။
ဤဂါထာမဖက္ သက္သက္ေသာ ေဒသနာေတာ္ကုိ ေဟာေတာ္မူသည္ရွိေသာ္ အသွ်င္ေကာ႑ညအား ''ျဖစ္ျခင္း သေဘာရွိေသာ တရားအလံုးစံုသည္ ခ်ဳပ္ျခင္း သေဘာရွိ၏'' ဟု (ကိေလသာ) ျမဴ အညစ္အေၾကး ကင္းေသာ တရားမ်က္စိ 'ေသာတာပတၱိမဂ္ဉာဏ္' သည္ ျဖစ္ေပၚလာ၏။
ဤသို႔ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ ဓမၼစၾကာတရားေတာ္ကုိ ေဟာေတာ္မူသည္ရွိေသာ္ ''ဗာရာဏသီျပည္ ဣသိပတန မိဂဒါဝုန္ေတာဝယ္ ေလာက၌ သမဏ ျဗာဟၼဏ နတ္ မာရ္နတ္ ျဗဟၼာ တစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္မွ် မေဟာႏုိင္ေသာ အတုမရွိေသာ ဤဓမၼစၾကာတရားေတာ္ကုိ ေဟာေတာ္မူ၏'' ဟု ဘုမၼစုိးနတ္တို႔သည္ ေကာင္းခ်ီးေပးသံကုိ အဆင့္ဆင့္ ေၾကြးေၾကာ္ကုန္၏။ ဘုမၼစုိးနတ္တို႔၏ ေကာင္းခ်ီးေပးသံကုိ ၾကား၍ ''ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ ဗာရာဏသီျပည္ ဣသိပတန မိဂဒါဝုန္ေတာဝယ္ ေလာက၌ သမဏျဗာဟၼဏ နတ္ မာရ္နတ္ ျဗဟၼာ တစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္မွ် မေဟာႏုိင္ေသာ အတုမရွိေသာ ဤဓမၼစၾကာ တရားေတာ္ကုိ ျမတ္စြာဘုရား ေဟာေတာ္မူ၏'' ဟု စာတုမဟာရာဇ္နတ္တို႔သည္ အဆင့္ဆင့္ ေၾကြးေၾကာ္ကုန္၏။
စာတုမဟာရာဇ္နတ္တို႔၏ ေကာင္းခ်ီးေပးသံကုိ ၾကား၍ တာဝတႎသာနတ္တို႔သည္။ပ။ ယာမာနတ္တို႔သည္။ပ။ တုသိတာနတ္တို႔သည္။ပ။ နိမၼာနရတီနတ္တို႔သည္။ပ။ ပရနိမၼိတဝသဝတၱီနတ္တို႔သည္။ပ။ ''ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ ဗာရာဏသီျပည္ ဣသိပတန မိဂဒါဝုန္ေတာဝယ္ ေလာက၌ သမဏ ျဗာဟၼဏ နတ္မာရ္နတ္ ျဗဟၼာ တစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္မွ် မေဟာႏုိင္ေသာ အတုမရွိေသာ ဤဓမၼစၾကာတရားေတာ္ကုိ ေဟာေတာ္မူ၏'' ဟု ျဗဟၼာတို႔သည္ ေကာင္းခ်ီးေပးသံကုိ အဆင့္ဆင့္ ေၾကြးေၾကာ္ကုန္၏။
ဤသို႔လွ်င္ ထုိအခ်ိန္ ထုိအခါ ထုိကာလတြင္ အကနိ႒ျဗဟၼာ့ျပည္ တုိင္ေအာင္ ေကာင္းခ်ီးသံသည္ ျပန္႔ႏံွ႕၍ တက္၏၊ ဤတစ္ေသာင္းေသာ ေလာကဓာတ္သည္လည္း တုန္လႈပ္၏၊ ျပင္းစြာ တုန္လႈပ္၏၊ ထက္ဝန္းက်င္ တုန္လႈပ္၏၊ အတုိင္းအရွည္မရွိ ႀကီးမားေသာ အေရာင္အလင္းသည္လည္း ေလာက၌ နတ္တို႔၏ အာႏုေဘာ္ကုိ ေက်ာ္လြန္၍ ထင္ရွားျဖစ္ေပၚ၏။
ထုိအခါ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ ''ရဟန္းတို႔ ေကာ႑ညသည္ သစၥာေလးပါးတရားကုိ သိေလၿပီတကား၊ ရဟန္းတို႔ ေကာ႑ညသည္ သစၥာေလးပါးတရားကုိ သိေလၿပီတကား'' ဟု ဤဥဒါန္းကုိ က်ဴးရင့္ေတာ္မူ၏။ ဤဥဒါန္းကုိ က်ဴးရင့္ေတာ္မူေသာေၾကာင့္သာလွ်င္ အသွ်င္ေကာ႑ညအား 'အညာသိ ေကာ႑ည' ဟူ၍သာ အမည္တြင္၏။
၁ - ဓမၼစကၠပၸဝတၱနသုတ္၊ ဓမၼစကၠပၸ၀တၱန၀ဂ္၊ မဟာ၀ဂၢသံယုတ္ပါဠိေတာ္။
ဓမၼစၾကာ ဓမၼစၾကာသုတ္ ဓမၼစကၠ ဓမၼစကၠပၸဝတၱန
Wednesday, October 8, 2008
Kalama Sutta
KALAMA SUTTA
I have heard that on one occasion the Blessed One, on a wandering tour among the Kosalans
with a large community of monks, arrived at Kesaputta, a town of the Kalamas. The Kalamas of
Kesaputta heard it said, "Gotama the contemplative — the son of the Sakyans, having gone forth
from the Sakyan clan — has arrived at Kesaputta. And of that Master Gotama this fine reputation
has spread: 'He is indeed a Blessed One, worthy, & rightly self-awakened, consummate in
knowledge & conduct, well-gone, a knower of the cosmos, an unexcelled trainer of those persons
ready to be tamed, teacher of human & divine beings, awakened, blessed. He has made known
— having realized it through direct knowledge — this world with its devas, maras, & brahmas,
its generations with their contemplatives & priests, their rulers & common people; has explained
the Dhamma admirable in the beginning, admirable in the middle, admirable in the end; has
expounded the holy life both in its particulars & in its essence, entirely perfect, surpassingly
pure. It is good to see such a worthy one.'"
So the Kalamas of Kesaputta went to the Blessed One. On arrival, some of them bowed down to
him and sat to one side. Some of them exchanged courteous greetings with him and, after an
exchange of friendly greetings & courtesies, sat to one side. Some of them sat to one side having
saluted him with their hands palm-to-palm over their hearts. Some of them sat to one side having
announced their name & clan. Some of them sat to one side in silence.
As they sat there, the Kalamas of Kesaputta said to the Blessed One, "Lord, there are some
priests & contemplatives who come to Kesaputta. They expound & glorify their own doctrines,
but as for the doctrines of others, they deprecate them, revile them, show contempt for them, &
disparage them. And then other priests & contemplatives come to Kesaputta. They expound &
glorify their own doctrines, but as for the doctrines of others, they deprecate them, revile them,
show contempt for them, & disparage them. They leave us absolutely uncertain & in doubt:
Which of these venerable priests & contemplatives are speaking the truth, and which ones are
lying?"
"Of course you are uncertain, Kalamas. Of course you are in doubt. When there are reasons for
doubt, uncertainty is born. So in this case, Kalamas, don't go by reports, by legends, by
traditions, by scripture, by logical conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through
pondering views, by probability, or by the thought, 'This contemplative is our teacher.' When you
know for yourselves that, 'These qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these
qualities are criticized by the wise; these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm &
to suffering' — then you should abandon them.
"What do you think, Kalamas? When greed arises in a person, does it arise for welfare or for
harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this greedy person, overcome by greed, his mind possessed by greed, kills living beings,
takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to do
likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"Now, what do you think, Kalamas? When aversion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this aversive person, overcome by aversion, his mind possessed by aversion, kills living
beings, takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"Now, what do you think, Kalamas? When delusion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this deluded person, overcome by delusion, his mind possessed by delusion, kills living
beings, takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"So what do you think, Kalamas: Are these qualities skillful or unskillful?"
"Unskillful, lord."
"Blameworthy or blameless?"
"Blameworthy, lord."
"Criticized by the wise or praised by the wise?"
"Criticized by the wise, lord."
"When adopted & carried out, do they lead to harm & to suffering, or not?"
"When adopted & carried out, they lead to harm & to suffering. That is how it appears to us."
"So, as I said, Kalamas: 'Don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, "This contemplative is our teacher." When you know for yourselves that, "These
qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these qualities are criticized by the wise;
these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm & to suffering" — then you should
abandon them.' Thus was it said. And in reference to this was it said.
"Now, Kalamas, don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, 'This contemplative is our teacher.' When you know for yourselves that, 'These
qualities are skillful; these qualities are blameless; these qualities are praised by the wise; these
qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to welfare & to happiness' — then you should enter
& remain in them.
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of greed arises in a person, does it arise for welfare or
for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this ungreedy person, not overcome by greed, his mind not possessed by greed, doesn't kill
living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or induce others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of aversion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this unaversive person, not overcome by aversion, his mind not possessed by aversion,
doesn't kill living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or
induce others to do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of delusion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this undeluded person, not overcome by delusion, his mind not possessed by delusion,
doesn't kill living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or
induce others to do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"So what do you think, Kalamas: Are these qualities skillful or unskillful?
"
"Skillful, lord.
"
"Blameworthy or blameless?
"
"Blameless, lord.
"
"Criticized by the wise or praised by the wise?
"
"Praised by the wise, lord.
"
"When adopted & carried out, do they lead to welfare & to happiness, or not?
"
"When adopted & carried out, they lead to welfare & to happiness. That is how it appears to us."
"So, as I said, Kalamas: 'Don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, "This contemplative is our teacher." When you know for yourselves that, "These
qualities are skillful; these qualities are blameless; these qualities are praised by the wise; these
qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to welfare & to happiness" — then you should enter
& remain in them.' Thus was it said. And in reference to this was it said.
"Now, Kalamas, one who is a disciple of the noble ones — thus devoid of greed, devoid of ill
will, undeluded, alert, & resolute — keeps pervading the first direction [the east] — as well as
the second direction, the third, & the fourth — with an awareness imbued with good will. Thus
he keeps pervading above, below, & all around, everywhere & in every respect the all-
encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued with good will: abundant, expansive,
immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with compassion. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with compassion: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with appreciation. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with appreciation: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with equanimity. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with equanimity: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"Now, Kalamas, one who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free
from ill will, undefiled, & pure — acquires four assurances in the here-&-now:
"'If there is a world after death, if there is the fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then this is
the basis by which, with the break-up of the body, after death, I will reappear in a good
destination, the heavenly world.' This is the first assurance he acquires.
"'But if there is no world after death, if there is no fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then
here in the present life I look after myself with ease — free from hostility, free from ill will, free
from trouble.' This is the second assurance he acquires.
"'If evil is done through acting, still I have willed no evil for anyone. Having done no evil action,
from where will suffering touch me?' This is the third assurance he acquires.
"'But if no evil is done through acting, then I can assume myself pure in both respects.' This is
the fourth assurance he acquires.
"One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will,
undefiled, & pure — acquires these four assurances in the here-&-now."
"So it is, Blessed One. So it is, O One Well-gone. One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his
mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will, undefiled, & pure — acquires four assurances in
the here-&-now:
"'If there is a world after death, if there is the fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then this is
the basis by which, with the break-up of the body, after death, I will reappear in a good
destination, the heavenly world.' This is the first assurance he acquires.
"'But if there is no world after death, if there is no fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then
here in the present life I look after myself with ease — free from hostility, free from ill will, free
from trouble.' This is the second assurance he acquires.
"'If evil is done through acting, still I have willed no evil for anyone. Having done no evil action,
from where will suffering touch me?' This is the third assurance he acquires.
"'But if no evil is done through acting, then I can assume myself pure in both ways.' This is the
fourth assurance he acquires.
"One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will,
undefiled, & pure — acquires these four assurances in the here-&-now.
"Magnificent, lord! Magnificent! Just as if he were to place upright what was overturned, to
reveal what was hidden, to show the way to one who was lost, or to carry a lamp into the dark so
that those with eyes could see forms, in the same way has the Blessed One — through many
lines of reasoning — made the Dhamma clear. We go to the Blessed One for refuge, to the
Dhamma, and to the Sangha of monks. May the Blessed One remember us as lay followers who
have gone to him for refuge, from this day forward, for life." i.188)
I have heard that on one occasion the Blessed One, on a wandering tour among the Kosalans
with a large community of monks, arrived at Kesaputta, a town of the Kalamas. The Kalamas of
Kesaputta heard it said, "Gotama the contemplative — the son of the Sakyans, having gone forth
from the Sakyan clan — has arrived at Kesaputta. And of that Master Gotama this fine reputation
has spread: 'He is indeed a Blessed One, worthy, & rightly self-awakened, consummate in
knowledge & conduct, well-gone, a knower of the cosmos, an unexcelled trainer of those persons
ready to be tamed, teacher of human & divine beings, awakened, blessed. He has made known
— having realized it through direct knowledge — this world with its devas, maras, & brahmas,
its generations with their contemplatives & priests, their rulers & common people; has explained
the Dhamma admirable in the beginning, admirable in the middle, admirable in the end; has
expounded the holy life both in its particulars & in its essence, entirely perfect, surpassingly
pure. It is good to see such a worthy one.'"
So the Kalamas of Kesaputta went to the Blessed One. On arrival, some of them bowed down to
him and sat to one side. Some of them exchanged courteous greetings with him and, after an
exchange of friendly greetings & courtesies, sat to one side. Some of them sat to one side having
saluted him with their hands palm-to-palm over their hearts. Some of them sat to one side having
announced their name & clan. Some of them sat to one side in silence.
As they sat there, the Kalamas of Kesaputta said to the Blessed One, "Lord, there are some
priests & contemplatives who come to Kesaputta. They expound & glorify their own doctrines,
but as for the doctrines of others, they deprecate them, revile them, show contempt for them, &
disparage them. And then other priests & contemplatives come to Kesaputta. They expound &
glorify their own doctrines, but as for the doctrines of others, they deprecate them, revile them,
show contempt for them, & disparage them. They leave us absolutely uncertain & in doubt:
Which of these venerable priests & contemplatives are speaking the truth, and which ones are
lying?"
"Of course you are uncertain, Kalamas. Of course you are in doubt. When there are reasons for
doubt, uncertainty is born. So in this case, Kalamas, don't go by reports, by legends, by
traditions, by scripture, by logical conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through
pondering views, by probability, or by the thought, 'This contemplative is our teacher.' When you
know for yourselves that, 'These qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these
qualities are criticized by the wise; these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm &
to suffering' — then you should abandon them.
"What do you think, Kalamas? When greed arises in a person, does it arise for welfare or for
harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this greedy person, overcome by greed, his mind possessed by greed, kills living beings,
takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to do
likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"Now, what do you think, Kalamas? When aversion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this aversive person, overcome by aversion, his mind possessed by aversion, kills living
beings, takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"Now, what do you think, Kalamas? When delusion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this deluded person, overcome by delusion, his mind possessed by delusion, kills living
beings, takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"So what do you think, Kalamas: Are these qualities skillful or unskillful?"
"Unskillful, lord."
"Blameworthy or blameless?"
"Blameworthy, lord."
"Criticized by the wise or praised by the wise?"
"Criticized by the wise, lord."
"When adopted & carried out, do they lead to harm & to suffering, or not?"
"When adopted & carried out, they lead to harm & to suffering. That is how it appears to us."
"So, as I said, Kalamas: 'Don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, "This contemplative is our teacher." When you know for yourselves that, "These
qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these qualities are criticized by the wise;
these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm & to suffering" — then you should
abandon them.' Thus was it said. And in reference to this was it said.
"Now, Kalamas, don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, 'This contemplative is our teacher.' When you know for yourselves that, 'These
qualities are skillful; these qualities are blameless; these qualities are praised by the wise; these
qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to welfare & to happiness' — then you should enter
& remain in them.
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of greed arises in a person, does it arise for welfare or
for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this ungreedy person, not overcome by greed, his mind not possessed by greed, doesn't kill
living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or induce others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of aversion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this unaversive person, not overcome by aversion, his mind not possessed by aversion,
doesn't kill living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or
induce others to do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of delusion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this undeluded person, not overcome by delusion, his mind not possessed by delusion,
doesn't kill living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or
induce others to do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"So what do you think, Kalamas: Are these qualities skillful or unskillful?
"
"Skillful, lord.
"
"Blameworthy or blameless?
"
"Blameless, lord.
"
"Criticized by the wise or praised by the wise?
"
"Praised by the wise, lord.
"
"When adopted & carried out, do they lead to welfare & to happiness, or not?
"
"When adopted & carried out, they lead to welfare & to happiness. That is how it appears to us."
"So, as I said, Kalamas: 'Don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, "This contemplative is our teacher." When you know for yourselves that, "These
qualities are skillful; these qualities are blameless; these qualities are praised by the wise; these
qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to welfare & to happiness" — then you should enter
& remain in them.' Thus was it said. And in reference to this was it said.
"Now, Kalamas, one who is a disciple of the noble ones — thus devoid of greed, devoid of ill
will, undeluded, alert, & resolute — keeps pervading the first direction [the east] — as well as
the second direction, the third, & the fourth — with an awareness imbued with good will. Thus
he keeps pervading above, below, & all around, everywhere & in every respect the all-
encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued with good will: abundant, expansive,
immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with compassion. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with compassion: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with appreciation. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with appreciation: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with equanimity. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with equanimity: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"Now, Kalamas, one who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free
from ill will, undefiled, & pure — acquires four assurances in the here-&-now:
"'If there is a world after death, if there is the fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then this is
the basis by which, with the break-up of the body, after death, I will reappear in a good
destination, the heavenly world.' This is the first assurance he acquires.
"'But if there is no world after death, if there is no fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then
here in the present life I look after myself with ease — free from hostility, free from ill will, free
from trouble.' This is the second assurance he acquires.
"'If evil is done through acting, still I have willed no evil for anyone. Having done no evil action,
from where will suffering touch me?' This is the third assurance he acquires.
"'But if no evil is done through acting, then I can assume myself pure in both respects.' This is
the fourth assurance he acquires.
"One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will,
undefiled, & pure — acquires these four assurances in the here-&-now."
"So it is, Blessed One. So it is, O One Well-gone. One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his
mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will, undefiled, & pure — acquires four assurances in
the here-&-now:
"'If there is a world after death, if there is the fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then this is
the basis by which, with the break-up of the body, after death, I will reappear in a good
destination, the heavenly world.' This is the first assurance he acquires.
"'But if there is no world after death, if there is no fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then
here in the present life I look after myself with ease — free from hostility, free from ill will, free
from trouble.' This is the second assurance he acquires.
"'If evil is done through acting, still I have willed no evil for anyone. Having done no evil action,
from where will suffering touch me?' This is the third assurance he acquires.
"'But if no evil is done through acting, then I can assume myself pure in both ways.' This is the
fourth assurance he acquires.
"One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will,
undefiled, & pure — acquires these four assurances in the here-&-now.
"Magnificent, lord! Magnificent! Just as if he were to place upright what was overturned, to
reveal what was hidden, to show the way to one who was lost, or to carry a lamp into the dark so
that those with eyes could see forms, in the same way has the Blessed One — through many
lines of reasoning — made the Dhamma clear. We go to the Blessed One for refuge, to the
Dhamma, and to the Sangha of monks. May the Blessed One remember us as lay followers who
have gone to him for refuge, from this day forward, for life."
Ahinkumara
I have heard that on one occasion the Blessed One, on a wandering tour among the Kosalans
with a large community of monks, arrived at Kesaputta, a town of the Kalamas. The Kalamas of
Kesaputta heard it said, "Gotama the contemplative — the son of the Sakyans, having gone forth
from the Sakyan clan — has arrived at Kesaputta. And of that Master Gotama this fine reputation
has spread: 'He is indeed a Blessed One, worthy, & rightly self-awakened, consummate in
knowledge & conduct, well-gone, a knower of the cosmos, an unexcelled trainer of those persons
ready to be tamed, teacher of human & divine beings, awakened, blessed. He has made known
— having realized it through direct knowledge — this world with its devas, maras, & brahmas,
its generations with their contemplatives & priests, their rulers & common people; has explained
the Dhamma admirable in the beginning, admirable in the middle, admirable in the end; has
expounded the holy life both in its particulars & in its essence, entirely perfect, surpassingly
pure. It is good to see such a worthy one.'"
So the Kalamas of Kesaputta went to the Blessed One. On arrival, some of them bowed down to
him and sat to one side. Some of them exchanged courteous greetings with him and, after an
exchange of friendly greetings & courtesies, sat to one side. Some of them sat to one side having
saluted him with their hands palm-to-palm over their hearts. Some of them sat to one side having
announced their name & clan. Some of them sat to one side in silence.
As they sat there, the Kalamas of Kesaputta said to the Blessed One, "Lord, there are some
priests & contemplatives who come to Kesaputta. They expound & glorify their own doctrines,
but as for the doctrines of others, they deprecate them, revile them, show contempt for them, &
disparage them. And then other priests & contemplatives come to Kesaputta. They expound &
glorify their own doctrines, but as for the doctrines of others, they deprecate them, revile them,
show contempt for them, & disparage them. They leave us absolutely uncertain & in doubt:
Which of these venerable priests & contemplatives are speaking the truth, and which ones are
lying?"
"Of course you are uncertain, Kalamas. Of course you are in doubt. When there are reasons for
doubt, uncertainty is born. So in this case, Kalamas, don't go by reports, by legends, by
traditions, by scripture, by logical conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through
pondering views, by probability, or by the thought, 'This contemplative is our teacher.' When you
know for yourselves that, 'These qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these
qualities are criticized by the wise; these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm &
to suffering' — then you should abandon them.
"What do you think, Kalamas? When greed arises in a person, does it arise for welfare or for
harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this greedy person, overcome by greed, his mind possessed by greed, kills living beings,
takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to do
likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"Now, what do you think, Kalamas? When aversion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this aversive person, overcome by aversion, his mind possessed by aversion, kills living
beings, takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"Now, what do you think, Kalamas? When delusion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this deluded person, overcome by delusion, his mind possessed by delusion, kills living
beings, takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"So what do you think, Kalamas: Are these qualities skillful or unskillful?"
"Unskillful, lord."
"Blameworthy or blameless?"
"Blameworthy, lord."
"Criticized by the wise or praised by the wise?"
"Criticized by the wise, lord."
"When adopted & carried out, do they lead to harm & to suffering, or not?"
"When adopted & carried out, they lead to harm & to suffering. That is how it appears to us."
"So, as I said, Kalamas: 'Don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, "This contemplative is our teacher." When you know for yourselves that, "These
qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these qualities are criticized by the wise;
these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm & to suffering" — then you should
abandon them.' Thus was it said. And in reference to this was it said.
"Now, Kalamas, don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, 'This contemplative is our teacher.' When you know for yourselves that, 'These
qualities are skillful; these qualities are blameless; these qualities are praised by the wise; these
qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to welfare & to happiness' — then you should enter
& remain in them.
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of greed arises in a person, does it arise for welfare or
for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this ungreedy person, not overcome by greed, his mind not possessed by greed, doesn't kill
living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or induce others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of aversion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this unaversive person, not overcome by aversion, his mind not possessed by aversion,
doesn't kill living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or
induce others to do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of delusion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this undeluded person, not overcome by delusion, his mind not possessed by delusion,
doesn't kill living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or
induce others to do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"So what do you think, Kalamas: Are these qualities skillful or unskillful?
"
"Skillful, lord.
"
"Blameworthy or blameless?
"
"Blameless, lord.
"
"Criticized by the wise or praised by the wise?
"
"Praised by the wise, lord.
"
"When adopted & carried out, do they lead to welfare & to happiness, or not?
"
"When adopted & carried out, they lead to welfare & to happiness. That is how it appears to us."
"So, as I said, Kalamas: 'Don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, "This contemplative is our teacher." When you know for yourselves that, "These
qualities are skillful; these qualities are blameless; these qualities are praised by the wise; these
qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to welfare & to happiness" — then you should enter
& remain in them.' Thus was it said. And in reference to this was it said.
"Now, Kalamas, one who is a disciple of the noble ones — thus devoid of greed, devoid of ill
will, undeluded, alert, & resolute — keeps pervading the first direction [the east] — as well as
the second direction, the third, & the fourth — with an awareness imbued with good will. Thus
he keeps pervading above, below, & all around, everywhere & in every respect the all-
encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued with good will: abundant, expansive,
immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with compassion. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with compassion: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with appreciation. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with appreciation: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with equanimity. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with equanimity: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"Now, Kalamas, one who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free
from ill will, undefiled, & pure — acquires four assurances in the here-&-now:
"'If there is a world after death, if there is the fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then this is
the basis by which, with the break-up of the body, after death, I will reappear in a good
destination, the heavenly world.' This is the first assurance he acquires.
"'But if there is no world after death, if there is no fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then
here in the present life I look after myself with ease — free from hostility, free from ill will, free
from trouble.' This is the second assurance he acquires.
"'If evil is done through acting, still I have willed no evil for anyone. Having done no evil action,
from where will suffering touch me?' This is the third assurance he acquires.
"'But if no evil is done through acting, then I can assume myself pure in both respects.' This is
the fourth assurance he acquires.
"One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will,
undefiled, & pure — acquires these four assurances in the here-&-now."
"So it is, Blessed One. So it is, O One Well-gone. One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his
mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will, undefiled, & pure — acquires four assurances in
the here-&-now:
"'If there is a world after death, if there is the fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then this is
the basis by which, with the break-up of the body, after death, I will reappear in a good
destination, the heavenly world.' This is the first assurance he acquires.
"'But if there is no world after death, if there is no fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then
here in the present life I look after myself with ease — free from hostility, free from ill will, free
from trouble.' This is the second assurance he acquires.
"'If evil is done through acting, still I have willed no evil for anyone. Having done no evil action,
from where will suffering touch me?' This is the third assurance he acquires.
"'But if no evil is done through acting, then I can assume myself pure in both ways.' This is the
fourth assurance he acquires.
"One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will,
undefiled, & pure — acquires these four assurances in the here-&-now.
"Magnificent, lord! Magnificent! Just as if he were to place upright what was overturned, to
reveal what was hidden, to show the way to one who was lost, or to carry a lamp into the dark so
that those with eyes could see forms, in the same way has the Blessed One — through many
lines of reasoning — made the Dhamma clear. We go to the Blessed One for refuge, to the
Dhamma, and to the Sangha of monks. May the Blessed One remember us as lay followers who
have gone to him for refuge, from this day forward, for life." i.188)
I have heard that on one occasion the Blessed One, on a wandering tour among the Kosalans
with a large community of monks, arrived at Kesaputta, a town of the Kalamas. The Kalamas of
Kesaputta heard it said, "Gotama the contemplative — the son of the Sakyans, having gone forth
from the Sakyan clan — has arrived at Kesaputta. And of that Master Gotama this fine reputation
has spread: 'He is indeed a Blessed One, worthy, & rightly self-awakened, consummate in
knowledge & conduct, well-gone, a knower of the cosmos, an unexcelled trainer of those persons
ready to be tamed, teacher of human & divine beings, awakened, blessed. He has made known
— having realized it through direct knowledge — this world with its devas, maras, & brahmas,
its generations with their contemplatives & priests, their rulers & common people; has explained
the Dhamma admirable in the beginning, admirable in the middle, admirable in the end; has
expounded the holy life both in its particulars & in its essence, entirely perfect, surpassingly
pure. It is good to see such a worthy one.'"
So the Kalamas of Kesaputta went to the Blessed One. On arrival, some of them bowed down to
him and sat to one side. Some of them exchanged courteous greetings with him and, after an
exchange of friendly greetings & courtesies, sat to one side. Some of them sat to one side having
saluted him with their hands palm-to-palm over their hearts. Some of them sat to one side having
announced their name & clan. Some of them sat to one side in silence.
As they sat there, the Kalamas of Kesaputta said to the Blessed One, "Lord, there are some
priests & contemplatives who come to Kesaputta. They expound & glorify their own doctrines,
but as for the doctrines of others, they deprecate them, revile them, show contempt for them, &
disparage them. And then other priests & contemplatives come to Kesaputta. They expound &
glorify their own doctrines, but as for the doctrines of others, they deprecate them, revile them,
show contempt for them, & disparage them. They leave us absolutely uncertain & in doubt:
Which of these venerable priests & contemplatives are speaking the truth, and which ones are
lying?"
"Of course you are uncertain, Kalamas. Of course you are in doubt. When there are reasons for
doubt, uncertainty is born. So in this case, Kalamas, don't go by reports, by legends, by
traditions, by scripture, by logical conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through
pondering views, by probability, or by the thought, 'This contemplative is our teacher.' When you
know for yourselves that, 'These qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these
qualities are criticized by the wise; these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm &
to suffering' — then you should abandon them.
"What do you think, Kalamas? When greed arises in a person, does it arise for welfare or for
harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this greedy person, overcome by greed, his mind possessed by greed, kills living beings,
takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to do
likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"Now, what do you think, Kalamas? When aversion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this aversive person, overcome by aversion, his mind possessed by aversion, kills living
beings, takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"Now, what do you think, Kalamas? When delusion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?"
"For harm, lord."
"And this deluded person, overcome by delusion, his mind possessed by delusion, kills living
beings, takes what is not given, goes after another person's wife, tells lies, and induces others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term harm & suffering."
"Yes, lord."
"So what do you think, Kalamas: Are these qualities skillful or unskillful?"
"Unskillful, lord."
"Blameworthy or blameless?"
"Blameworthy, lord."
"Criticized by the wise or praised by the wise?"
"Criticized by the wise, lord."
"When adopted & carried out, do they lead to harm & to suffering, or not?"
"When adopted & carried out, they lead to harm & to suffering. That is how it appears to us."
"So, as I said, Kalamas: 'Don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, "This contemplative is our teacher." When you know for yourselves that, "These
qualities are unskillful; these qualities are blameworthy; these qualities are criticized by the wise;
these qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to harm & to suffering" — then you should
abandon them.' Thus was it said. And in reference to this was it said.
"Now, Kalamas, don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, 'This contemplative is our teacher.' When you know for yourselves that, 'These
qualities are skillful; these qualities are blameless; these qualities are praised by the wise; these
qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to welfare & to happiness' — then you should enter
& remain in them.
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of greed arises in a person, does it arise for welfare or
for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this ungreedy person, not overcome by greed, his mind not possessed by greed, doesn't kill
living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or induce others to
do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of aversion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this unaversive person, not overcome by aversion, his mind not possessed by aversion,
doesn't kill living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or
induce others to do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"What do you think, Kalamas? When lack of delusion arises in a person, does it arise for welfare
or for harm?
"
"For welfare, lord.
"
"And this undeluded person, not overcome by delusion, his mind not possessed by delusion,
doesn't kill living beings, take what is not given, go after another person's wife, tell lies, or
induce others to do likewise, all of which is for long-term welfare & happiness.
"
"Yes, lord.
"
"So what do you think, Kalamas: Are these qualities skillful or unskillful?
"
"Skillful, lord.
"
"Blameworthy or blameless?
"
"Blameless, lord.
"
"Criticized by the wise or praised by the wise?
"
"Praised by the wise, lord.
"
"When adopted & carried out, do they lead to welfare & to happiness, or not?
"
"When adopted & carried out, they lead to welfare & to happiness. That is how it appears to us."
"So, as I said, Kalamas: 'Don't go by reports, by legends, by traditions, by scripture, by logical
conjecture, by inference, by analogies, by agreement through pondering views, by probability, or
by the thought, "This contemplative is our teacher." When you know for yourselves that, "These
qualities are skillful; these qualities are blameless; these qualities are praised by the wise; these
qualities, when adopted & carried out, lead to welfare & to happiness" — then you should enter
& remain in them.' Thus was it said. And in reference to this was it said.
"Now, Kalamas, one who is a disciple of the noble ones — thus devoid of greed, devoid of ill
will, undeluded, alert, & resolute — keeps pervading the first direction [the east] — as well as
the second direction, the third, & the fourth — with an awareness imbued with good will. Thus
he keeps pervading above, below, & all around, everywhere & in every respect the all-
encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued with good will: abundant, expansive,
immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with compassion. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with compassion: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with appreciation. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with appreciation: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"He keeps pervading the first direction — as well as the second direction, the third, & the fourth
— with an awareness imbued with equanimity. Thus he keeps pervading above, below, & all
around, everywhere & in every respect the all-encompassing cosmos with an awareness imbued
with equanimity: abundant, expansive, immeasurable, free from hostility, free from ill will.
"Now, Kalamas, one who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free
from ill will, undefiled, & pure — acquires four assurances in the here-&-now:
"'If there is a world after death, if there is the fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then this is
the basis by which, with the break-up of the body, after death, I will reappear in a good
destination, the heavenly world.' This is the first assurance he acquires.
"'But if there is no world after death, if there is no fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then
here in the present life I look after myself with ease — free from hostility, free from ill will, free
from trouble.' This is the second assurance he acquires.
"'If evil is done through acting, still I have willed no evil for anyone. Having done no evil action,
from where will suffering touch me?' This is the third assurance he acquires.
"'But if no evil is done through acting, then I can assume myself pure in both respects.' This is
the fourth assurance he acquires.
"One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will,
undefiled, & pure — acquires these four assurances in the here-&-now."
"So it is, Blessed One. So it is, O One Well-gone. One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his
mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will, undefiled, & pure — acquires four assurances in
the here-&-now:
"'If there is a world after death, if there is the fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then this is
the basis by which, with the break-up of the body, after death, I will reappear in a good
destination, the heavenly world.' This is the first assurance he acquires.
"'But if there is no world after death, if there is no fruit of actions rightly & wrongly done, then
here in the present life I look after myself with ease — free from hostility, free from ill will, free
from trouble.' This is the second assurance he acquires.
"'If evil is done through acting, still I have willed no evil for anyone. Having done no evil action,
from where will suffering touch me?' This is the third assurance he acquires.
"'But if no evil is done through acting, then I can assume myself pure in both ways.' This is the
fourth assurance he acquires.
"One who is a disciple of the noble ones — his mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will,
undefiled, & pure — acquires these four assurances in the here-&-now.
"Magnificent, lord! Magnificent! Just as if he were to place upright what was overturned, to
reveal what was hidden, to show the way to one who was lost, or to carry a lamp into the dark so
that those with eyes could see forms, in the same way has the Blessed One — through many
lines of reasoning — made the Dhamma clear. We go to the Blessed One for refuge, to the
Dhamma, and to the Sangha of monks. May the Blessed One remember us as lay followers who
have gone to him for refuge, from this day forward, for life."
Ahinkumara
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![]() | ![]() | me | » | [t.n book] under the sea - For all I live in myeik near the beach. -- Posted By mergui to tn book at 7/18/2008 08:34:00 PM | Jul 19 | |
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